In cutting a covenant,
both parties would normally pass in between the sacrifice cut int0 half,
divided and lined on two sides. In this case, Abram went into a deep sleep and
God Himself passed through the sacrifice. The sleep that Abram had was not a
common sleep. It was not due to weariness. Why? The things that he experienced
while asleep tell us that it was not an ordinary happening. Something divine
was taking place. God was making known to him what would happen to his
descendants. It was a further assurance of the certainty of the promise of
descendants. God was foretelling Abram what would happen to his descendants
before they would finally possess the land.
Abram was
foretold that his descendants would become strangers in a land not theirs, and be
oppressed as slaves for 400 years. And we know that God was pointing ahead to
the time of the Israelites’ slavery in the land of Egypt. God would judge Egypt
and deliver the descendants of Abram. They would leave the land of oppression
with mush possession. From the account in Exodus, they indeed did leave Egypt
with much material goods given to them by the Egyptians. But Abram was promised
that he would not be part of the oppression, but would die peacefully at a good
old age. He would be buried in Canaan, the promised land.
God’s promise
to Abram would come true for the fourth generation of his descendants. The fact
that it would take such a length of time before God would bring them out of
Egypt into the Promised Land was to demonstrate the patience of God. The Amorites,
the descendants of the sons of Canaan would be occupying the Promised Land at
that time. God’s patience would be tested by them. When their iniquities reached
a pitch where it had become intolerable, it would be 400 years of God’s patience
toward them. Oh, how long is the patience of God! That’s why we must not test
the patience of God. We should keep short accounts with Him. We should not persist
in a sin, ignoring our conscience quickened by God, till we become numb to His
bidding.
God enacted
the covenant by Himself, through a smoking oven and a flaming
torch, passed between the pieces of the sacrifice.
This could be the symbol of God’s presence, just as He would guide the
Israelites with the pillar of fire by night and the cloud by day. And God pledged
to give them the land “from
the river of Egypt as far as the great river, the river Euphrates.” He had outlined the land and the different people that were in the land
they would possess. Notice that God alone passed through the pieces of the
sacrifice. Abram was asleep. It’s a covenant where God Himself enacted to
ensure its certainty. What a God!
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